Class 10 Physics Chapter 3
Updated: 17 Dec 2023
2667
Class 10 Physics Chapter 3 introduces the concept of “Geometrical Optics”. This is mainly chapter No. 12, “Geometric Optics”, of the book of Class 10.
This article consists of Notes, SLO Based Notes and MCQs of Physics, which cover your course, board papers and clear your Physics concept for different types of tests.
Class 10 Physics Chapter 3 Notes
Geometric Optics
SLO Base Notes
Class 10 Physics Chapter 3 MCQs
1. What is the branch of physics that deals with the study of light?(a) Astrology
(b) Optics
(c) Oscillation
(d) Electromagnetism
Show Answer
Optics
2. What aspect of light does geometrical optics focus on?
(a) Color properties
(b) Tracing geometrical paths
(c) Particle behavior
(d) Quantum effects
Show Answer
Tracing geometrical paths
3. What do we call objects like the Sun, electric lamps, and candles that produce their own light?
(a) Luminous sources
(b) Reflectors
(c) Opaque objects
(d) Translucent objects
Show Answer
Luminous sources
4. What term is used to describe objects that do not produce their own light?
(a) Luminescent objects
(b) Opaque objects
(c) Non-luminous objects
(d) Radiant objects
Show Answer
Non-luminous
5. What is the term for the bouncing back of light when it encounters a reflecting surface?
(a) Refraction
(b) Absorption
(c) Diffraction
(d) Reflection
Show Answer
Reflection
To Download Complete Notes of Physics Notes 10 Class, Click on the given link.
6. The approaching ray of light to a reflecting surface is called(a) The incident ray
(b) The reflected ray
(c) The refracted ray
(d) The normal
Show Answer
The incident ray
7. The ray of light reflected from a reflecting surface is called
(a) The incident ray
(b) The reflected ray
(c) The refracted ray
(d) The normal
Show Answer
The reflected ray
8. The point at which the incident ray strikes the reflecting surface is called
(a) Point of incidence
(b) Point of reflection
(c) Point of refraction
(d) None of these
Show Answer
Point of incidence
9. The line drawn at right angles to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence is called
(a) The incident ray
(b) The reflected ray
(c) The refracted ray
(d) The normal
Show Answer
The normal
10. What is the term for the angle between the incident ray and the normal?
(a) Angle of Reflection
(b) Angle of Incidence
(c) Refracted Angle
(d) Deviated Angle
Show Answer
Angle of Incidence
11. What is the term for the angle between the reflected ray and the normal?
(a) Angle of Reflection
(b) Angle of Incidence
(c) Refracted Angle
(d) Deviated Angle
Show Answer
Angle of Reflection
12. How many laws of reflection are there?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
Show Answer
Two
13. Which law states that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane?
(a) First Law
(b) Second Law
(c) Third Law
(d) Law of Refraction
Show Answer
First Law
14. According to the second law, what relationship holds true between the angles of reflection (\theta^{'}) and incidence (\theta) ?
(a) \theta^{'} is greater than \theta
(b) \theta^{'} is less than \theta
(c) \theta^{'} equals \theta
(d) \theta^{'} is unrelated to \theta
Show Answer
\theta^/ equals \theta
15. According to the Second Law of reflection, if the angle of incidence is 30 degrees, what would be the angle of reflection?
(a) 30 degrees
(b) 60 degrees
(c) 90 degrees
(d) 120 degrees
Show Answer
30 degrees
16. What is the term for the ratio of image size to object size?
(a) Attitude
(b) Magnification
(c) Position
(d) Convergence ratio
Show Answer
Magnification
17. When an image is considered larger than the object?
(a) M > 1
(b) M = 1
(c) M < 1
(d) Image attitude upright
Show Answer
M > 1
18. When an image is considered smaller than the object?
(a) M > 1
(b) M = 1
(c) M < 1
(d) Image attitude upright
Show Answer
M < 1
19. When is an image the same size as the object?
(a) M > 1
(b) M = 1
(c) M < 1
(d) Image attitude upright
Show Answer
M = 1
20. What does the attitude of an image indicate?
(a) Image location
(b) Image type
(c) Image orientation
(d) Image magnification
Show Answer
Image orientation
21. When an optical instrument produces an image that is the same orientation as the object, what term best describes this image?
(a) Inverted image
(b) Erect or upright image
(c) Magnified image
(d) Virtual image
Show Answer
Erect or upright image
22. What term is used to describe an optical image that is upside-down compared to the object?
(a) Erect or upright image
(b) Inverted image
(c) Magnified image
(d) Virtual image
Show Answer
Inverted image
23. The _______________ is the distance between the image and the optical device-mirror or lens.
(a) Image Magnification
(b) Image Attitude
(c) Image Location
(d) Image Type
Show Answer
Image Location
24. What does the type of image indicate in optical systems?
(a) Image Magnification
(b) Image Attitude
(c) Image Location
(d) Image Reality
Show Answer
Image Reality
25. How is a real image characterized in terms of light rays?
(a) Light rays appear to diverge
(b) Light rays actually converge at a point
(c) Light rays are parallel
(d) Light rays exhibit refraction
Show Answer
Light rays actually converge at a point
26. What happens when a screen is placed at the position of a real image?
(a) The image appears inverted
(b) The image disappears
(c) The image appears on the screen in focus
(d) The image becomes larger
Show Answer
The image appears on the screen in focus
27. How is a virtual image defined in relation to light rays?
(a) Light rays converge at a point
(b) Light rays appear to diverge
(c) Light rays exhibit interference
(d) Light rays are absorbed
Show Answer
Light rays appear to diverge
28. What occurs when a screen is placed at the position of a virtual image?
(a) The image appears on the screen
(b) The screen remains blank
(c) The image becomes larger
(d) The image appears inverted
Show Answer
The screen remains blank
29. If the polished surface of a spherical mirror faces inward, what type of mirror is it?
(a) Convex mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Planar mirror
(d) Cylindrical mirror
Show Answer
Concave mirror
30. What is another term for a concave mirror based on its reflective properties ?
(a) Diverging mirror
(b) Convex mirror
(c) Converging mirror
(d) Plane mirror
Show Answer
Converging mirror
31. If the polished surface of a spherical mirror faces outward, what type of mirror is it?
(a) Convex mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Planar mirror
(d) Cylindrical mirror
Show Answer
Convex mirror
32. Which type of mirror is commonly referred to as a diverging mirror?
(a) Concave mirror
(b) Convex mirror
(c) Plane mirror
(d) All of these
Show Answer
Convex mirror
33. What is the center of curvature in a spherical mirror?
(a) The midpoint of the mirror
(b) The pole or vertex
(c) The center of the sphere with radius R
(d) The intersection point of light rays
Show Answer
The center of the sphere with radius R
34. What is the term for a straight line through the center of curvature and the midpoint of the mirror?
(a) Curved line
(b) Principal Axis
(c) Reflecting line
(d) Refracting line
Show Answer
Principal Axis
35. At what angle does the principal axis intersect the mirror in a well-constructed mirror?
(a) 45 degrees
(b) 90 degrees
(c) 180 degrees
(d) Variable angles
Show Answer
90 degrees
36. What term is used for the midpoint of the mirror?
(a) Reflecting Point
(b) Center of Curvature
(c) Pole or Vertex
(d) Radius of curvature
Show Answer
Pole or Vertex
37. What is the point where parallel light rays converge or appear to diverge after reflecting from a concave mirror?
(a) Vertex
(b) Focal Point
(c) Normal
(d) Radius of Curvature
Show Answer
Focal Point
38. What term is used for the distance from the focal point to the pole (or vertex) of a concave mirror?
(a) Radius of Curvature
(b) Focal Length
(c) Normal Length
(d) Convergence Distance
Show Answer
Focal Length
39. What is the relationship between the focal length (f) and the radius of curvature (R) for a concave mirror?
(a) f = R
(b) f = \frac{R}{2}
(c) f = 2R
(d) f = \frac{1}{R}
Show Answer
f = \frac{R}{2}
40. In which unit is the focal length (f) measured?
(a) Diopters
(b) Volts
(c) Meters
(d) Seconds
Show Answer
Meters
41. What happens to the A-ray (parallel ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
(a) It reflects through the focal point
(b) It becomes parallel to the axis
(c) It reflects back on itself
(d) It passes through the center of curvature
Show Answer
It reflects through the focal point
42. Which of the following is reflected parallel to the principal axis in concave mirror ray tracing?
(a) P-ray
(b) F-ray
(c) C-ray
(d) A-ray
Show Answer
F-ray
43. What happens to the F-ray (focal ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
(a) It becomes parallel to the axis
(b) It reflects through the focal point
(c) It reflects back on itself
(d) It passes through the center of curvature
Show Answer
It becomes parallel to the axis
44. Which ray passes through the center of curvature of a concave mirror?
(a) F-ray
(b) P-ray
(c) A-ray
(d) C-ray
Show Answer
45. What is the characteristic of the P-ray (pole ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
(a) It reflects through the focal point
(b) It becomes parallel to the axis
(c) It reflects back on itself
(d) It reflects at an equal angle to the axis
Show Answer
It reflects at an equal angle to the axis
46. Where does the C-ray (central ray) pass after reflection in a concave mirror?
(a) Through the focal point
(b) Parallel to the axis
(c) Through the center of curvature
(d) None of these
Show Answer
Through the center of curvature
47. In concave mirror ray tracing, what does a real image indicate?
(a) The image is formed in front of the mirror
(b) The image is formed behind the mirror
(c) The image is virtual
(d) The image is magnified
Show Answer
The image is formed in front of the mirror
48. In concave mirror ray tracing, what does a virtual image indicate?
(a) The image is formed in front of the mirror
(b) The image is formed behind the mirror
(c) The image is virtual
(d) The image is magnified
Show Answer
The image is formed behind the mirror
49. What does the mirror formula mathematically represent?
(a) \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i}
(b) m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
(c) d_o + d_i = f
(d) f = \frac{d_i}{d_o} + d_i
Show Answer
\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i}
50. Which quantities are included in the mirror formula?
(a) Focal length
(b) Object distance
(c) Image distance
(d) All of these
Show Answer
All of these
51. In the mirror formula \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i} , what does f represent?
(a) Object distance
(b) Focal length
(c) Image distance
(d) Magnification
Show Answer
Focal length
52. If the image distance is positive in the mirror formula, what type of image is formed?
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Real and upright
(c) Virtual and inverted
(d) Virtual and upright
Show Answer
Real and inverted
53. Which quantity is expressed by do in the mirror formula?
(a) Focal length
(b) Object distance
(c) Image distance
(d) Magnification
Show Answer
Object distance
54. What is the mathematical expression for magnification (m) in terms of heights of the object (h_o) and image (h_i) ?
(a) m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
(b) m = \frac{h_o}{h_i}
(c) m = h_i + h_o
(d) m = h_i - h_o
Show Answer
m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
55. What is the mathematical expression for magnification (m) in terms of distance of the object (d_o) and image (d_i) ?
(a) m = \frac{d_i}{d_o}
(b) m = \frac{d_o}{d_i}
(c) m = d_i + d_o
(d) m = d_i - d_o
Show Answer
m = \frac{d_i}{d_o}
56. In the mirror formula, if f is positive, what type of mirror is being considered?
(a) Concave mirror
(b) Convex mirror
(c) Plane mirror
(d) Spherical mirror
Show Answer
Concave mirror
57. If di is negative in the mirror formula, what does it signify about the image position?
(a) Image is real
(b) Image is virtual
(c) Image is inverted
(d) Image is upright
Show Answer
Image is virtual
58. If the magnification (m) is negative in the mirror formula, what does it indicate about the image?
(a) Enlarged image
(b) Reduced image
(c) Real image
(d) Inverted image
Show Answer
Inverted image
59. What information can be obtained by using the mirror formula?
(a) Color of the image
(b) Shape of the mirror
(c) Type of reflection
(d) Position and nature of the image
Show Answer
Position and nature of the image
60. For which type of mirrors is the focal length (f) considered positive?
(a) Concave mirrors
(b) Convex mirrors
(c) Both concave and convex mirrors
(d) Neither concave nor convex mirrors
Show Answer
Concave mirrors
61. For which type of mirrors is the focal length (f) considered negative?
(a) Concave mirrors
(b) Convex mirrors
(c) Both concave and convex mirrors
(d) Neither concave nor convex mirrors
Show Answer
Convex mirrors
62. In a plane mirror, what is the relationship between the object distance (d_o) and the image distance (d_i) ?
(a) d_i > d_o
(b) d_i = d_o
(c) d_i < d_o
(d) Not \ specified
Show Answer
d_i = d_o
63. If the object is placed behind the center of curvature in a concave mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) r > d_i > f
(b) d_i > r
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
r > d_i> f
64. If the object is placed at the center of curvature in a concave mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) r > d_i > f
(b) d_i = r
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
d_i = r
65. If the object is placed in between the center of curvature and focal point in a concave mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) r > d_i > f
(b) d_i > r
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
d_i > r
66. If the object is placed at the focal point in a concave mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) r > d_i > f
(b) d_i > r
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
d_i = \infty
67. If the object is placed in between the focal point and pole in a concave mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) r > d_i > f
(b) d_i > d_o \ (negative)
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
d_i > d_o \ (negative)
68. If the object is placed in front of convex mirror, what will be the position of the image?
(a) f > d_i > 0 \ (negative)
(b) d_i > d_o \ (negative)
(c) d_i = f
(d) d_i = \infty
Show Answer
f > d_i > 0 \ (negative)
69. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed behind the center of curvature?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer
Reduced, inverted
70. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed at the center of curvature?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer
Same size
71. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed in between the center of curvature and focal point?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer
Enlarged, inverted
72. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed at the focal point?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer
No image
73. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is placed in between the focal point and pole?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, upright
(d) No image
Show Answer
Enlarged, upright
74. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a convex mirror?
(a) Same size
(b) Reduced, upright
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer
Reduced, upright
75. At what position in a concave mirror is a virtual image formed?
(a) f > d_o > 0
(b) d_o > r
(c) d_o = f
(d) d_o = \infty
Show Answer
f > d_o > 0
76. The image formed by a convex mirror is:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Real and upright
(c) Virtual and upright
(d) Virtual and inverted
Show Answer
Virtual and upright
77. The image formed by a plane mirror is:
(a) Real and inverted
(b) Real and upright
(c) Virtual and upright
(d) Virtual and inverted
Show Answer
Virtual and inverted
78. What is the term for the change of direction of light as it moves from one material (called medium) to another?
(a) Absorption
(b) Diffraction
(c) Refraction
(d) Reflection
Show Answer
Refraction
79. What is the term for the ray of light moving away from the boundary between two media?
(a) Incident ray
(b) Refracted ray
(c) Diffracted ray
(d) Reflective ray
Show Answer
Refracted ray
80. What is the term for the angle between the refracted ray and the normal?
(a) Angle of incidence
(b) Critical angle
(c) Angle of refraction
(d) Angle of reflection
Show Answer
Angle of refraction
81. What is the term for a medium with a greater refraction effect (slower speed of light)?
(a) Optically denser medium
(b) Optically lighter medium
(c) Critical medium
(d) Transparent medium
Show Answer
Optically denser medium
82. In which direction is a ray of light bent when entering an optically denser medium?
(a) Towards the normal
(b) Away from the normal
(c) Parallel to the refracting surface
(d) No bending
Show Answer
Towards the normal
83. In which direction is a ray of light bent when entering an optically rare medium?
(a) Towards the normal
(b) Away from the normal
(c) Parallel to the refracting surface
(d) No bending
Show Answer
Away from the normal
84. What condition determines the direction of bending when light enters an optically denser medium?
(a) Angle of reflection
(b) Angle of incidence
(c) Angle of refraction
(d) Angle of deflection
Show Answer
Angle of refraction
85. When light moves from air to glass, what is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction?
(a) Equal angles
(b) Angle of incidence is greater
(c) Angle of refraction is greater
(d) No change in angles
Show Answer
Angle of incidence is greater
86. When light moves from glass to air, what is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction?
(a) Equal angles
(b) Angle of incidence is greater
(c) Angle of refraction is greater
(d) No change in angles
Show Answer
Angle of refraction is greater
87. What is the term for the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light in a material?
(a) Optical coefficient
(b) Reflective factor
(c) Refractive index
(d) Luminosity ratio
Show Answer
Refractive index
88. In the formula "n = \frac{c}{v}", what does 'n' represent?
(a) Wavelength of light
(b) Refractive index of the material
(c) Speed of light in vacuum
(d) Frequency of light
Show Answer
Refractive index of the material
89. According to the formula "n = \frac{c}{v}", if the speed of light in a material increases, what happens to the refractive index (n) ?
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains constant
(d) Unpredictable
Show Answer
Decreases
90. If the refractive index (n) of a material is 1 , what can be inferred about the speed of light in that material compared to vacuum?
(a) Slower
(b) Faster
(c) Equal
(d) Inconsistent
Show Answer
Equal
91. How is the refractive index (n) affected when the speed of light in a material is equal to the speed of light in vacuum?
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains constant
(d) Becomes undefined
Show Answer
Remains constant
92. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
(a) 3.00 \times 10^5 \ m/s
(b) 3.00 \times 10^8 \ m/s
(c) 1.86 \times 10^5 \ m/s
(d) 1.21 \times 10^9 \ watts
Show Answer
3.00 \times 10^8 \ m/s
93. In which medium does light generally travel faster?
(a) Vacuum
(b) Gases
(c) Liquids
(d) Solids
Show Answer
Vacuum
94. What is the refractive index of air?
(a) 1.0002
(b) 1.99
(c) 1.33
(d) 1.501
Show Answer
1.0002
95. What is the refractive index of water?
(a) 1.0002
(b) 1.99
(c) 1.33
(d) 1.501
Show Answer
1.33
96. Which one of the following materials will refract light more?
(a) Water
(b) Glass
(c) Air
(d) Diamond
Show Answer
Diamond
97. What is speed of light in water having index of refraction as 1.33?
(a) 2.26 \times 10^8 \ m/s
(b) 2.50 \times 10^8 \ m/s
(c) 1.50 \times 10^8 \ m/s
(d) 2.99 \times 10^8 \ m/s
Show Answer
2.26 × 10^8 \ m/s
98. _______________ stated as ‘the product of the index of refraction of the first medium and the sine of the angle of incidence is equal to the product of the index of refraction of the second medium and the sine of the angle of refraction’.
(a) Coulomb’s Law
(b) Ohm’s Law
(c) Hooke’s Law
(d) Snell’s Law
Show Answer
Snell’s Law
99. What is Snell’s Law mathematically expressed as?
(a) n_1 \times \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \times sin(\theta_2)
(b) n_1 \times \cos(\theta_1) = n_2 \times cos(\theta_2)
(c) n_1 \times \tan(\theta_1) = n_2 \times tan(\theta_2)
(d) n_1 \times \sec(\theta_1) = n_2 \times sec(\theta_2)
Show Answer
n_1 \times \sin (\theta_1) = n_2 \times sin(θ_2)
100. If the speed of light in kerosene oil is 2.08 \times 10^8 \ m/s , what is the index of refraction?
(a) 1.44
(b) 1.67
(c) 1.92
(d) 2.08
Show Answer
1.44
101. What is the term for when light travels from a region of higher index of refraction to a region of lower index of refraction at an angle greater than the critical angle?
(a) External Reflection
(b) Total External Reflection
(c) Critical Reflection
(d) Total Internal Reflection
Show Answer
Total Internal Reflection
102. At a certain angle of incidence, the refracted light ray lies along the boundary of the two media, the angle is called:
(a) Angle of incidence
(b) Angle of Reflection
(c) Critical angle
(d) Angle of refraction
Show Answer
Critical angle
103. What is the mathematical expression for the sine of the critical angle (sin θc)?
(a) \sin \theta_c = \frac{n_1}{n_2}
(b) \sin \theta_c = \frac{n_2}{n_1}
(c) \sin \theta_c = n_1 \times n_2
(d) All of these
Show Answer
\sin \theta_c = \frac{n_2}{n_1}
104. When is total internal reflection possible?
(a) n_1 < n_2
(b) n_1 = n_2
(c) n_1 > n_2
(d) None of these
Show Answer
n_1 > n_2
105. When is total internal reflection possible?
(a) \theta_i > \theta_c
(b) \theta_i < \theta_c
(c) \theta = \theta_c
(d) None of these
Show Answer
\theta_i > \theta_c
106. What is the mechanism that allows light to be trapped inside a bent glass rod and transmitted along a curved path?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Total internal reflection
(d) Dispersion
Show Answer
Total internal reflection
107. What materials can be used to make optical fibers?
(a) Metal
(b) Wood
(c) Various glasses and plastics
(d) Rubber
Show Answer
Various glasses and plastics
108. In optical fibers, how is a beam of light transmitted?
(a) Reflection
(b) Absorption
(c) Scattering
(d) Total internal reflection
Show Answer
Total internal reflection
109. What role does the boundary between the core and cladding play in an optical fiber?
(a) It absorbs light
(b) It acts as a reflector
(c) It disperses light
(d) It changes the color of light
Show Answer
It acts as a reflector
110. What is the outermost layer surrounding the cladded fibers, designed to protect against environmental dangers?
(a) Core
(b) Cladding
(c) Jacket
(d) Reflector
Show Answer
Jacket
111. Why is the jacket of an optical fiber made of plastic and layered materials?
(a) To enhance light transmission
(b) To provide structural support
(c) To protect against moisture
(d) To increase the refractive
Show Answer
To protect against moisture
112. Which part has high refractive index in optical fiber?
(a) Core
(b) Cladding
(c) Jacket
(d) Boundary
Show Answer
Core
113. What is a prism in optics?
(a) Reflective optical element
(b) Translucent material
(c) Transparent optical element
(d) Opaque structure
Show Answer
Transparent optical element
114. How many flat surfaces does a prism typically have?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Show Answer
Three
115. What is the traditional geometrical shape of a prism?
(a) Rectangular prism
(b) Square prism
(c) Triangular prism
(d) Hexagonal prism
Show Answer
Triangular prism
116. What does the refraction of light in a prism depend on?
(a) Prism’s color
(b) Prism’s size
(c) Prism’s weight
(d) Angle between prism surfaces
Show Answer
Angle between prism surfaces
117. Why does light bend when entering a prism?
(a) Due to gravitational force
(b) Due to magnetic attraction
(c) Due to higher optical density in the prism
(d) Random occurrence
Show Answer
Due to higher optical density in the prism
118. How does the angle between prism surfaces affect light refraction?
(a) It has no effect
(b) It determines the prism’s color
(c) It influences the direction of light
(d) It changes the prism’s transparency
Show Answer
It influences the direction of light
119. What happens to light when it moves from air to a prism with a higher refractive index?
(a) Light speed increases
(b) Light reflects off the prism
(c) Light disappears
(d) Light bends towards the normal
Show Answer
Light bends towards the normal
120. Which property of glass causes it to refract light differently than air?
(a) Transparency
(b) Shape
(c) Refractive index
(d) Color
Show Answer
Refractive index
121. What is the primary purpose of a triangular prism in optics?
(a) To reflect light
(b) To disperse light into colors
(c) To block light
(d) To create shadows
Show Answer
To disperse light into colors
122. What happens to light when it leaves the glass and enters the air on the other side of the prism?
(a) It reflects off the air
(b) It continues in a straight line
(c) It is refracted away from the normal
(d) It disappears
Show Answer
It is refracted away from the normal
123. What is the change in the direction of light as it passes through the prism known as?
(a) Reflection
(b) Dispersion
(c) Diffraction
(d) Deviation
Show Answer
Deviation
124. What is the term used to describe the amount of change in the direction of light in a prism?
(a) Refractive index
(b) Prism angle
(c) Dispersion index
(d) Angle of deviation
Show Answer
Angle of deviation
125. How can you determine the angle of deviation for any shape of prism?
(a) By measuring the prism’s weight
(b) By applying Snell’s law at each air-glass interface
(c) By counting the number of prism surfaces
(d) By observing the prism’s color
Show Answer
By applying Snell’s law at each air-glass interface
126. What is obtained when sunlight (white light) falls on a glass prism?
(a) A shadow
(b) A spectrum of colors
(c) Complete darkness
(d) A single color
Show Answer
A spectrum of colors
127. What causes the separation of colors in a prism when sunlight passes through it?
(a) Prism’s weight
(b) Refractive index of air
(c) Different refractive indices for each color
(d) Prism’s size
Show Answer
Different refractive indices for each color
128. Why does a spectrum of colors (dispersion) occur when white light passes through a prism?
(a) Because the prism absorbs colors
(b) Because white light is a mixture of many colors
(c) Because the prism reflects light
(d) Because the prism changes the color of light
Show Answer
Because white light is a mixture of many colors
129. Which color of light has the greatest refractive index in glass?
(a) Red
(b) Orange
(c) Yellow
(d) Violet
Show Answer
Violet
130. Among the given colors, which one has the lowest refractive index in glass?
(a) Blue
(b) Green
(c) Yellow
(d) Red
Show Answer
Red
131. What is the primary function of a lens?
(a) Emitting light
(b) Refracting light
(c) Absorbing light
(d) Generating heat
Show Answer
Refracting light
132. Which material can be used to make lenses?
(a) Wood
(b) Metal
(c) Glass or plastic
(d) Paper
Show Answer
Glass or plastic
133. What happens when parallel rays pass through a convex lens?
(a) They diverge
(b) They converge
(c) They remain parallel
(d) They scatter randomly
Show Answer
They converge
134. What type of lens is also called converging lens?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) All of these
Show Answer
Convex lens
135. What type of lens is thinner at the edges than at the center?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) All of these
Show Answer
Convex lens
136. What type of lens is also called diverging lens?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Bifocal lens
(d) All of these
Show Answer
Concave lens
137. The optical center of a lens is denoted by:
(a) C
(b) F
(c) O
(d) P
Show Answer
O
138. How is the focal length represented in the absence of a real center of curvature for lenses?
(a) R
(b) C
(c) O
(d) 2F
Show Answer
2F
139. In lenses, the principal axis is:
(a) Parallel to the lens surface
(b) Perpendicular to the lens surface
(c) Inclined at 45 degrees
(d) Irrelevant to lens function
Show Answer
Perpendicular to the lens surface
140. What is the result when light passes through a concave lens?
(a) It converges
(b) It diverges
(c) It reflects
(d) It absorbs
Show Answer
It diverges
141. The two faces of a lens are part of a:
(a) Cylinder
(b) Sphere
(c) Cube
(d) Pyramid
Show Answer
Sphere
142. What is the point of convergence for rays entering parallel to the principal axis in a lens?
(a) Optical center
(b) Focal length
(c) Principal focus
(d) Sphere center
Show Answer
Principal focus
143. How many principal focuses are there in a lens when rays enter from different sides?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) None
Show Answer
Two
144. Where do the rays of light appear to originate after refraction from a lens?
(a) Optical center
(b) Focal point
(c) Principal axis
(d) Vertex
Show Answer
Focal point
145. What is the alternative term for the focal point in a lens?
(a) Optical center
(b) Vertex
(c) Convergence point
(d) Principal focus
Show Answer
Principal focus
146. The distance from the vertical axis to either focal point is known as:
(a) Radius of curvature
(b) Aperture size
(c) Focal length
(d) Optical axis
Show Answer
Focal length
147. Where the object is typically positioned in a ray diagram for a lens?
(a) Away from the lens
(b) Directly on the principal axis
(c) Touching the lens edges
(d) Above the focal points
Show Answer
Directly on the principal axis
148. The A-ray in ray tracing for lenses is initially:
(a) Perpendicular to the axis
(b) Tangential to the lens surface
(c) Parallel to the axis
(d) Passing through the center of curvature
Show Answer
Parallel to the axis
149. What happens to the A-ray after passing through the convex lens?
(a) It remains parallel to the axis
(b) It converges at the focal point
(c) It diverges away from the axis
(d) It reflects back towards the object
Show Answer
It converges at the focal point
150. What is the direction of the F-ray after passing through the convex lens?
(a) Towards the object
(b) Parallel to the axis
(c) Away from the lens
(d) It converges at the focal point
Show Answer
Parallel to the axis
151. The O-ray passes through which point in the lens?
(a) Optical center
(b) Vertex
(c) Focal point
(d) Edge of the lens
Show Answer
Optical center
152. How is the O-ray affected after passing through the lens?
(a) It diverges
(b) It remains straight
(c) It converges
(d) It reflects off the lens surface
Show Answer
It remains straight
153. The lens formula is accurate when:
(a) The lens thickness is large
(b) The lens is made of glass
(c) The lens thickness is small compared to its diameter
(d) The lens is convex
Show Answer
The lens thickness is small compared to its diameter
154. What is the significance of equation, being referred to as the mirror/lens formula?
(a) Lens and mirror equations differ
(b) They have the same mathematical form
(c) It is specific to convex lenses
(d) It involves multiple variables
Show Answer
They have the same mathematical form
155. What does a positive value of ‘f’ indicate for a lens?
(a) Converging (convex) lens
(b) Diverging (concave) lens
(c) Biconcave lens
(d) Plano-concave lens
Show Answer
Converging (convex) lens
156. What does a negative value of ‘f’ indicate for a lens?
(a) Converging (convex) lens
(b) Diverging (concave) lens
(c) Biconvex lens
(d) Plano-convex lens
Show Answer
Diverging (concave) lens
157. The power of a lens is a measure of:
(a) Its weight
(b) Its size
(c) The degree of convergence or divergence of light rays
(d) Its color
Show Answer
The degree of convergence or divergence of light rays
158. How is the power of a lens defined in Equation?
(a) D = \frac{1}{f}
(b) D = f
(c) D = \frac{1}{(2f)}
(d) D = 2f
Show Answer
D = \frac{1}{f}
159. In terms of the power of a lens, what is the unit used?
(a) Watts
(b) Joules
(c) Diopters
(d) Newtons
Show Answer
Diopters
160. What does the power in watts represent?
(a) Lens thickness
(b) Energy consumption rate
(c) Focal length
(d) Diopters
Show Answer
Energy consumption rate
161. What is the transparent gel-like substance filling the interior of the eye?
(a) Aqueous humor
(b) Cornea
(c) Retina
(d) Vitreous humor
Show Answer
Vitreous humor
162. What is the index of refraction of the humor in the interior of the eye?
(a) 1.336
(b) 1.337
(c) 1.5
(d) 2.0
Show Answer
1.337
163. Which part of the eye adjusts automatically to control the amount of light entering, similar to a camera?
(a) Retina
(b) Iris
(c) Lens
(d) Cornea
Show Answer
Iris
164. Where is the retina located in the eye, playing the role of film or sensor in a camera?
(a) Front surface of the eye
(b) Between cornea and lens
(c) On the curved back surface of the eye
(d) In the vitreous humor
Show Answer
On the curved back surface of the eye
165. What is the role of the nerves in the retina?
(a) Control the iris
(b) Change light energy into electrical signals
(c) Adjust the focus of the lens
(d) Produce aqueous humor
Show Answer
Change light energy into electrical signals
166. What is the composition of the fluid between the cornea and lens in the eye?
(a) Gel-like substance
(b) Aqueous humor
(c) Vitreous humor
(d) Corneal fluid
Show Answer
Aqueous humor
167. What is the refractive index (n) of the aqueous humor in the eye?
(a) 1.336
(b) 1.337
(c) 1.5
(d) 2.0
Show Answer
1.336
168. What type of lens is used in the human eye for vision?
(a) Convex lens
(b) Concave lens
(c) Plano-concave lens
(d) Plano-convex lens
Show Answer
Convex lens
169. The human eye forms the image of an object at its
(a) Iris
(b) Retina
(c) Pupil
(d) Cornea
Show Answer
Retina
170. What primarily contributes to the bending of light rays in the human eye?
(a) Lens curvature
(b) Corneal thickness
(c) Ciliary muscle contraction
(d) Refraction at the lens interface with air
Show Answer
Refraction at the lens interface with air
171. How is the fine adjustment for focusing at different distances achieved in the eye?
(a) Corneal adaptation
(b) Ciliary muscle contraction
(c) Lens rigidity
(d) Retinal reshaping
Show Answer
Ciliary muscle contraction
172. What is the term used for the eye’s adjustment to focus on nearby objects by thickening the lens?
(a) Refraction
(b) Accommodation
(c) Focal length alteration
(d) Corneal reshaping
Show Answer
Accommodation
173. What is the role of the ciliary muscles when focusing on a distant object?
(a) Contraction
(b) Relaxation
(c) Rigidity
(d) Expansion
Show Answer
Relaxation
174. What is the term for the closest distance at which the eye can focus clearly?
(a) Distant point
(b) Near point
(c) Focal point
(d) Infinity point
Show Answer
Near point
175. What is the typical near point for young adults?
(a) 10 cm
(b) 25 cm
(c) 50 cm
(d) 100 cm
Show Answer
25 cm
176. How does the near point change as people grow older?
(a) Decreases
(b) Remains constant
(c) Increases
(d) Fluctuates
Show Answer
Increases
177. What is another term for short-sightedness?
(a) Hyperopia
(b) Presbyopia
(c) Myopia
(d) Astigmatism
Show Answer
Myopia
178. What characterizes short-sightedness in terms of focusing ability?
(a) Clear vision for distant objects
(b) Clear vision for nearby objects
(c) Blurred vision for all distances
(d) Inability to focus on any objects
Show Answer
Clear vision for nearby objects
179. What causes short-sightedness in most cases?
(a) Short eyeball
(b) Long eyeball
(c) Flat cornea
(d) Irregular lens shape
Show Answer
Long eyeball
180. How can short-sightedness be corrected?
(a) Using a converging lens
(b) Using a diverging lens
(c) Adjusting the corneal curvature
(d) Strengthening the celery muscles
Show Answer
Using a diverging lens
181. In short-sightedness, where are images of distant objects focused?
(a) On the retina
(b) Behind the retina
(c) In the center of the eyeball
(d) In front of the retina
Show Answer
In front of the retina
182. What is another term for long-sightedness?
(a) Hyperopia
(b) Presbyopia
(c) Myopia
(d) Astigmatism
Show Answer
Hyperopia
183. What characterizes long-sightedness in terms of focusing ability?
(a) Clear vision for distant objects
(b) Clear vision for nearby objects
(c) Blurred vision for all distances
(d) Inability to focus on any objects
Show Answer
Clear vision for distant objects
184. What causes long-sightedness in most cases?
(a) Long eyeball
(b) Short eyeball
(c) Flat cornea
(d) Irregular lens shape
Show Answer
Short eyeball
185. How can long-sightedness be corrected?
(a) Adjusting the corneal curvature
(b) Using a diverging lens
(c) Using a converging lens
(d) Strengthening the ciliary muscles
Show Answer
Using a converging lens
186. In long-sightedness, where are images of nearby objects focused?
(a) On the retina
(b) Behind the retina
(c) In the center of the eyeball
(d) In front of the retina
Show Answer
Behind the retina
187. What is the capacity of an instrument to visually separate closely spaced objects called?
(a) Magnification power
(b) Resolving power
(c) Focusing ability
(d) Clarity factor
Show Answer
Resolving power
188. In resolving power, what is the specific aspect related to the sharpness of vision?
(a) Magnification
(b) Resolution
(c) Brightness
(d) Contrast
Show Answer
Resolution
189. The angular size of the final image produced by the instrument divided by a reference angular size is called:
(a) Angular magnification
(b) Focal ratio
(c) Refractive index
(d) Optical resolution
Show Answer
Angular magnification
190. What is the purpose of placing the object just inside the focal length of a converging lens in a simple microscope?
(a) To reduce magnification
(b) To create a real image
(c) To produce a smaller image
(d) To obtain a magnified, upright, virtual image
Show Answer
To obtain a magnified, upright, virtual image
191. For small angles, what is the relationship between tan θ and θ?
(a) \tan \theta = \theta
(b) \tan \theta = 0
(c) \tan \theta = 1
(d) \theta = 0
Show Answer
\tan \theta = \theta
192. What is the formula for magnification (m_\theta) when the image is at the near point for a magnifying glass?
(a) m_\theta = \frac{N}{f} + 1
(b) m\theta = \frac{f}{N} + 1
(c) m\theta = \frac{f}{N}
(d) m\theta = \frac{N}{f}
Show Answer
m_\theta = \frac{N}{f} + 1
193. What is the formula for magnification (m_\theta) when the image is at infinity for a magnifying glass?
(a) m_\theta = \frac{N}{f} + 1
(b) m\theta = \frac{f}{N} + 1
(c) m\theta = \frac{f}{N}
(d) m\theta = \frac{N}{f}
Show Answer
m\theta = \frac{N}{f}
194. An optical instrument consisting of an eyepiece and an objective lens to achieve high magnification of small object is called:
(a) Binoculars
(b) Magnifying Glass
(c) Compound Microscope
(d) Telescope
Show Answer
Compound Microscope
195. What is the purpose of adding an additional converging lens in a compound microscope?
(a) To decrease magnification
(b) To increase angular magnification
(c) To enhance color accuracy
(d) To reduce lens thickness
Show Answer
To increase angular magnification
196. What is the additional lens, typically called in a compound microscope?
(a) Eyepiece lens
(b) Objective lens
(c) Converging lens
(d) Magnifying lens
Show Answer
Objective lens
197. What does the eyepiece do in a compound microscope regarding the image formed by the objective?
(a) Enlarges the image size
(b) Reduces the image size
(c) Inverts the image
(d) Disperses the image
Show Answer
Enlarges the image size
198. How is the overall magnification (M) calculated in a compound microscope?
(a) M = M_o \div m_e
(b) M = M_o \times m_e
(c) M = M_o + m_e
(d) M = M_o - m_e
Show Answer
M = M_o \times m_e
199. What is the term for an instrument designed to magnify distant objects, such as stars and planets?
(a) Refracting Telescope
(b) Microscope
(c) Magnifying Glass
(d) Spectroscope
Show Answer
Refracting Telescope
200. How the total angular magnification (m_\theta) of a refracting telescope is typically calculated?
(a) m_\theta = \frac{f_o}{f_e}
(b) m_\theta = \frac{-f_o}{f_e}
(c) m_\theta = f_o \times f_e
(d) m_\theta = -f_o \times f_e
Show Answer
m_\theta = \frac{-f_o}{f_e}
Please Write Your Comments